The proposed solution establishes a unified, real-time data infrastructure that transforms heterogeneous city traffic data into machine-readable formats suitable for autonomous vehicles. We aggregate inputs from public, municipal and enterprise-specific sources and harmonise them into a reliable, standardised digital layer that AVs can directly interpret. The solution is open and extensible, allowing future data providers to be integrated regardless of their original format. Advanced AI methods are applied to clean, structure and interpret complex mobility datasets, while highly secure IoT components ensure trustworthy communication for safety-critical infrastructure such as traffic lights and roadside units. The resulting end-to-end system enables cities to operate AV-ready infrastructure and to pilot real autonomous mobility services. The solution will be validated in real urban environments using different autonomous vehicle platforms, including an autonomous shuttle and a self-driving passenger car, demonstrating interoperability, scalability, and readiness for broader deployment.
In the specific context of Tartu, the solution overcomes one of the city’s most critical bottlenecks: the inability of autonomous vehicles to reliably interpret existing traffic-light infrastructure. By equipping traffic lights at intersections with machine-readable, standardised V2X-enabled components and providing a high-quality, structured data feed, Tartu can replace today’s error-prone camera-based light detection with a robust digital signal channel. This ensures that AVs—whether autonomous shuttles, taxis, delivery robots, or full-size city buses—receive trustworthy information about signal phases, priority rules, and situational changes in real time. The harmonised and securely managed data layer allows any future AV operator to integrate into the city’s infrastructure using the same standardised interface, significantly lowering
deployment barriers and making Tartu an attractive environment for piloting and scaling autonomous mobility services. Through this approach, the city gains a future-proof, interoperable backbone that supports safe driverless operation and accelerates the transition toward sustainable, low-emission transport.
