We propose a unified smart curbside and parking management system that integrates real-time sensors, digital navigation, and flexible use of existing parking and loading assets. Sensors installed at parking spaces and loading bays provide live occupancy data, which is fed into a platform connected to the city’s parking app to guide drivers directly to available spots and enable seamless payment. A key component is dynamic parking sharing, where under-used private parking areas in housing, office, and commercial buildings are opened for broader use at times when their primary users do not need them—for example, office parking can serve residents and visitors in the evenings and weekends, while residential parking areas can be used by office staff during work hours. Commercial parking that peaks on weekends can provide capacity for commuters on weekdays. This time-based, rule-governed “parking swap” model unlocks significant latent capacity, reduces the need for new parking construction, cuts cruising time, and balances demand across the entire district, while smart, time-windowed loading zones support freight operations.
